Introduction

A well-regulated autonomic nervous system (ANS) is essential for physical and mental well-being.

The ANS, comprising the sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic (PNS) branches, controls vital processes such as heart rate, digestion, and stress responses.

Disruptions in this balance can lead to chronic stress, insomnia, pain, fatigue, and increased risk for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.

How Shiftwave® Works

FDA Exempt Class II General Wellness Device

Shiftwave’s Pulsed Pressure Wave™ technology uses specific patterns and frequencies to stimulate mechanoreceptors in the skin, muscles, and organs.

This stimulation helps modulate both SNS and PNS activity:

  • SNS Activation: Increases alertness and energy when needed.

  • PNS Engagement: Promotes relaxation, recovery, and deep, restorative sleep.

Using patented BioDrive® technology, Shiftwave continuously monitors physiological signals (such as heart rate and blood-oxygen levels) to tailor vibratory patterns in real time, ensuring an optimal balance between stress activation and recovery.

Pulsed Pressure Waves
are made up of the following

Frequency

Amplitude

Onset & Decay

Duration

Spatial Variation

Timing

Without Shiftwave

With Shiftwave On

Measuring Nervous System Regulation

Two key methods for assessing autonomic balance are:

  • Electrodermal Activity (EDA):

    • Measures skin conductance changes linked to SNS activation.

    • Provides real-time insights into sympathetic arousal.

  • Heart Rate Variability (HRV):

    • Reflects the time variability between heartbeats.

    • Higher HRV indicates a flexible, resilient nervous system capable of rapid transitions between SNS and PNS states.

Physiological Impact

Electrodermal Activity (EDA)

Precise control of sympathetic nervous system activity

  • Specific vibration patterns precisely modulate electrodermal activity (EDA)

  • EDA is a direct measure of sympathetic nervous system activity

  • Shiftwave can directly influence and control sympathetic activity

Electrodermal Activity (EDA) vs. Time

Figure: Electrodermal Activity (EDA) over time shows peaks during pulsed pressure wave stimulation (activation of sympathetic nervous system) and valleys when off.

Heart Rate and HRV

Balance sympathetic and parasympathetic responses

  • Vibration patterns influence both heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV).

  • Shiftwave increases heart rate during pulsed pressure waves (sympathetic activation).

  • HRV improvement post-session indicates enhanced parasympathetic tone.

  • Demonstrates Shiftwave's capacity to balance sympathetic and parasympathetic responses.

Figure: Heart rate over time with increased heart rate during pulsed pressure waves (sympathetic activation). NOT SHOWN improved heart rate variability (HRV) after the session (enhanced parasympathetic tone).

Pilot Laboratory Study

Stress/Anxiety Reduction

Protocol:

  • 10 Minutes Rest

  • 15 Minutes Shiftwave Protocol

  • 10 Minutes Rest

Investigator Initiated, IRB approved study

  • n=20 (m=10, f=10, av age 38, SD=12, healthy )

  • Within subject Pre/post design

Domains Measured

  • Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10)

  • Self Report

    • State Trait Anxiety (STAI-Y1)

    • Smith Relaxation Scale

  • Psychophysiology

    • ECG (HRV)

    • Plethysymograph

    • Electrodermal Activity

    • Accelerometer

  • Salivary Cortisol

  • fNIRS (DLPFC)

Shiftwave significantly shifted the balance of brain activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to a statistically significant degree (n=20) in just 15-minutes.

This post-Shiftwave brain network configuration is associated with:

  1. Positive Emotion

  2. Heightened Focus

  3. Reduced Limbic Amygdalar Stress

Only known intervention to demonstrate a statistically significant shift in dorsal-lateral prefrontal cortex activity.

A single Shiftwave session induced significant effects

Reduction in Cognitive Stress

Reduction in Anxiety

Increased Mindful Focus

Improved Relaxation

Shiftwave In Action

Autonomic Nervous System

  • Hormetic Stress

  • Sympathetic-Parasympathetic Balance

  • Vagal Tone

Multisystem coherence-Restoration and Repair

  • Multiple Systems of the Body Synchronized

  • NREM Mimicry (Synthetic Sleep)

Direct Tissue

  • Musculoskeletal Reduction of Tension Set Point Via Muscle Spindle/Golgi Tendon Organs

  • Nitric Oxide Release>>Vascular and Lymphatic Dilation and Pumping

Putative Biochemical and Neurohormonal

  • Endogenous Release of:

    • Growth Hormone

    • Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines

    • Exerkine Release (BDNF, Calcineurin)

Benefits of a Regulated Nervous System

    • Role of the ANS:

      • For restorative sleep, SNS activity must be suppressed, allowing parasympathetic dominance.

    • Impact on Sleep Quality:

      • Enhanced PNS activity during non-REM sleep promotes deep, restorative sleep.

      • Balanced HRV during sleep reflects improved recovery and overall sleep quality.

    • Scientific Insight:

      • Overactivation of the SNS can lead to insomnia, fragmented sleep, and reduced deep sleep (Meerlo, Sgoifo, & Suchecki, 2008; Lombardi, Pengo, & Parati, 2019).

    • SNS vs. PNS Dynamics:

      • The SNS initiates the “fight-or-flight” response, increasing heart rate and stress hormone production.

      • Chronic SNS overactivation can lead to anxiety, muscle tension, and fatigue.

      • The PNS counterbalances by promoting relaxation and recovery.

    • Managing Stress:

      • A balanced nervous system prevents excessive release of cortisol and supports cognitive clarity.

    • Scientific Insight:

      • Effective stress management is associated with high HRV, reflecting the ability to switch efficiently between SNS and PNS states (McEwen, 2007; Thayer et al., 2009).

    • Maintaining Focus:

      • Moderate SNS activation enhances alertness and attention through increased levels of norepinephrine and dopamine.

      • PNS activation during breaks helps prevent mental overload, supporting sustained concentration.

    • Cognitive Benefits:

      • A well-regulated nervous system preserves prefrontal cortex function, which is crucial for decision-making and executive function.

    • Scientific Insight:

      • Disrupted balance, particularly chronic SNS overactivation, can impair focus and cognitive flexibility (Arnsten, 2009).

    • Energy Production and Recovery:

      • The SNS provides short bursts of energy for physical and mental tasks.

      • The PNS supports recovery through processes such as muscle repair, immune function, and cellular regeneration.

    • Balanced Energy:

      • Proper autonomic regulation ensures sustainable energy levels throughout the day.

    • Scientific Insight:

      • Chronic SNS overactivation can lead to fatigue and burnout, while balanced regulation preserves vitality (Bobba-Alves et al., 2022; McEwen & Wingfield, 2003).

    • Pain Perception:

      • The central nervous system processes pain signals received from peripheral nerves.

      • Proper regulation ensures that pain perception is proportional to the actual physical damage.

    • Influence of the ANS:

      • SNS overactivation can heighten pain sensitivity and exacerbate chronic pain or neuropathic conditions.

      • PNS activation helps reduce pain by promoting relaxation and diminishing inflammatory responses.

    • Scientific Insight:

      • Conditions such as central sensitization, complex regional pain syndrome, and diabetic neuropathy are linked to dysregulated autonomic responses (Woolf, 2011; Callaghan et al., 2012).

    • Recovery Mechanisms:

      • After stress or physical exertion, the body relies on parasympathetic activation for tissue repair, muscle recovery, and immune function.

      • Effective recovery is marked by a high HRV, indicating a swift transition from stress to rest.

    • Importance of Sleep:

      • Deep non-REM sleep, dominated by the PNS, is critical for both physical repair and cognitive recovery.

    • Scientific Insight:

      • Inadequate recovery due to chronic stress can result in prolonged fatigue, slower healing, and increased susceptibility to injury (Porges, 2011; Thayer et al., 2009).

    • Stress and Aging:

      • Chronic low-grade inflammation and sustained sympathetic overactivation contribute to cellular aging, telomere shortening, and increased risk for age-related diseases.

    • Protective Role of the PNS:

      • Enhanced parasympathetic activity helps modulate inflammation, supports cardiovascular health, and preserves cognitive function, all of which are crucial for longevity.

    • Scientific Insight:

      • High HRV and effective nervous system regulation are linked to longer lifespan and reduced incidence of chronic diseases (Epel et al., 2009; Liao et al., 2002).